HORDB

General Information

ID: hor005780
Uniprot ID: P09040
Protein name: Drosulfakinin-0
Gene name: Dsk
Organism: Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly)
Family: Gastrin/cholecystokinin family
Source: animal
Expression: Up-regulated 24 hours after starvation and then appears to return to normal expression levels 48 hours after nutritional starvation. |Expressed at all developmental stages. |Expressed in larval brain tissue localizing to cells in the anterior and medial p
Disease: NA
Comments: NA
Taxonomy: melanogaster subgroup, melanogaster group, Sophophora (subgenus), Drosophila (genus), Drosophilini (tribe), Drosophilinae (subfamily), Drosophilidae (family), Ephydroidea (superfamily), Acalyptratae, Schizophora, Cyclorrhapha, Eremoneura, Muscomorpha (infraorder), Brachycera (suborder), Diptera (order), Endopterygota (cohort), Neoptera (infraclass), Pterygota (subclass), Dicondylia, Insecta (class), Hexapoda (subphylum), Pancrustacea, Mandibulata, Arthropoda (phylum), Panarthropoda, Ecdysozoa, Protostomia, Bilateria, Eumetazoa, Metazoa (kingdom), Opisthokonta, Eukaryota (superkingdom), cellular organisms
GO MF: GO:0005179 hormone activity; GO:0005184 neuropeptide hormone activity; GO:0071855 neuropeptide receptor binding
GO BP: GO:0002121 inter-male aggressive behavior; GO:0006940 regulation of smooth muscle contraction; GO:0007204 positive regulation of cytosolic calcium ion concentration; GO:0007218 neuropeptide signaling pathway; GO:0007528 neuromuscular junction development; GO:0008343 adult feeding behavior; GO:0008344 adult locomotory behavior; GO:0008345 larval locomotory behavior; GO:0033555 multicellular organismal response to stress
GO CC: GO:0005575 cellular_component; GO:0005576 extracellular region; GO:0005615 extracellular space

Sequence Information

Sequence: NQKTMSF
Length: 7
Propeptide: MGPRSCTHFATLFMPLWALAFCFLVVLPIPAQTTSLQNAKDDRRLQELESKIGGEIDQPIANLVGPSFSLFGDRRNQKTMSFGRRVPLISRPIIPIELDLLMDNDDERTKAKRFDDYGHMRFGKRGGDDQFDDYGHMRFGR
Signal peptide: MGPRSCTHFATLFMPLWALAFCFLVVLPIPAQT
Modification: T7 Phenylalanine amide
Glycosylation: NA
Mutagenesis: NA

Activity

Function: Involved in diverse biological roles including regulating aspects of gut function, satiety and food ingestion, hyperactivity, and aggression (PubMed:17632121, PubMed:24142897, PubMed:25187989). Regulates gut muscle contraction in adults but not in larvae (PubMed:17632121). Functions downstream of TfAP-2 and twz in octopamine signaling pathways to modulate feeding and male aggression (PubMed:24142897, PubMed:25187989). Inhibits consummatory behavior in adults and functions as part of a negative feedback loop with TfAP-2 and twz to prevent overeating; TfAP-2 and twz regulate octopamine signaling to initiate feeding, then octopamine activates expression of Dsk in insulin-producing cells (IPCs) to inhibit feeding (PubMed:25187989).
Mechanism: NA
Cross BBB: NA
Target: CCKLR-17D1, CCKLR-17D3
Target Unid: A8JUP8, Q7M3J6
IC50: NA
EC50: NA
ED50: NA
kd: NA
Half life: NA

Structure

Disulfide bond: NA
Structure ID: AF-P09040-F1(AlphaFold_DB_ID)

Structure: (PDB_ID-from https://www.rcsb.org/; AlphaFold_DB_ID-from https://alphafold.ebi.ac.uk/; hordbxxxxxx_AF2.pdb was predicted structure by AlphaFold2; hordbxxxxxx_ESM.pdb was predicted structure by ESMFold)

hor005780_AF2.pdb

hor005780_ESM.pdb

Physical Information

Mass:	96217	Formula:	C36H58N10O12S
Absent amino acids:	ACDEGHILPRVWY	Common amino acids:	FKMNQST
pI:	9.7	Basic residues:	1
Polar residues:	3	Hydrophobic residues:	1
Hydrophobicity:	-110	Boman Index:	-1837
Half-Life:	1.4 hour	Half-Life Yeast:	3 min
Half-Life E.Coli:	>10 hour	Aliphatic Index	0
Instability Index:	6057.14	Extinction Coefficient cystines:	0
Absorbance 280nm:	0

Literature

PubMed ID: 2842322
Title: Identification and characterization of a Drosophila homologue to the vertebrate neuropeptide cholecystokinin.
PubMed ID: 10731132
Title: The genome sequence of Drosophila melanogaster.
PubMed ID: 12537572
Title: Annotation of the Drosophila melanogaster euchromatic genome: a systematic review.
PubMed ID: 12537569
Title: A Drosophila full-length cDNA resource.
PubMed ID: 12171930
Title: Peptidomics of the larval Drosophila melanogaster central nervous system.
PubMed ID: 8350979
Title: Immunocytochemistry of sequence-related neuropeptides in Drosophila.
PubMed ID: 8581950
Title: Spatial and temporal immunocytochemical analysis of drosulfakinin (Dsk) gene products in the Drosophila melanogaster central nervous system.
PubMed ID: 17632121
Title: The drosulfakinin 0 (DSK 0) peptide encoded in the conserved Dsk gene affects adult Drosophila melanogaster crop contractions.
PubMed ID: 24142897
Title: Regulation of aggression by obesity-linked genes TfAP-2 and Twz through octopamine signaling in Drosophila.
PubMed ID: 25187989
Title: Obesity-linked homologues TfAP-2 and Twz establish meal frequency in Drosophila melanogaster.